PcMuORP1, an Oxathiapiprolin-Resistance Gene, Functions as a Novel Selection Marker for Phytophthora Transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing.
Identifieur interne : 000608 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000607; suivant : 000609PcMuORP1, an Oxathiapiprolin-Resistance Gene, Functions as a Novel Selection Marker for Phytophthora Transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing.
Auteurs : Weizhen Wang [République populaire de Chine] ; Zhaolin Xue [République populaire de Chine] ; Jianqiang Miao [République populaire de Chine] ; Meng Cai [République populaire de Chine] ; Can Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Tengjiao Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Borui Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Brett M. Tyler [États-Unis] ; Xili Liu [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Frontiers in microbiology [ 1664-302X ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Phytophthora, a genus of oomycetes, contains many devastating plant pathogens, which cause substantial economic losses worldwide. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool was introduced into Phytophthora to delineate the functionality of individual genes. The available selection markers for Phytophthora transformation, however, are limited, which can restrain transgenic manipulation in some cases. We hypothesized that PcMuORP1, an endogenous fungicide resistance gene from P. capsici that confers resistance to the fungicide oxathiapiprolin via an altered target site in the ORP1 protein, could be used as an alternative marker. To test this hypothesis, the gene PcMuORP1 was introduced into the CRISPR/Cas9 system and complementation of a deleted gene in P. capsici was achieved using it as a selection marker. All of the oxathiapiprolin-resistant transformants were confirmed to contain the marker gene, indicating that the positive screening rate was 100%. The novel selection marker could also be used in other representative Phytophthora species including P. sojae and P. litchii, also with 100% positive screening rate. Furthermore, comparative studies indicated that use of PcMuORP1 resulted in a much higher efficiency of screening compared to the conventional selection marker NPT II, especially in P. capsici. Successive subculture and asexual reproduction in the absence of selective pressure were found to result in the loss of the selection marker from the transformants, which indicates that the PcMuORP1 gene would have little long term influence on the fitness of transformants and could be reused as the selection marker in subsequent projects. Thus, we have created an alternative selection marker for Phytophthora transformation by using a fungicide resistance gene, which would accelerate functional studies of genes in these species.
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02402
PubMed: 31708886
PubMed Central: PMC6821980
Affiliations:
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en"><i>PcMuORP1</i>, an Oxathiapiprolin-Resistance Gene, Functions as a Novel Selection Marker for <i>Phytophthora</i> Transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing.</title><author><name sortKey="Wang, Weizhen" sort="Wang, Weizhen" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Weizhen" last="Wang">Weizhen Wang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xue, Zhaolin" sort="Xue, Zhaolin" uniqKey="Xue Z" first="Zhaolin" last="Xue">Zhaolin Xue</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, Jianqiang" sort="Miao, Jianqiang" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jianqiang" last="Miao">Jianqiang Miao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Meng" sort="Cai, Meng" uniqKey="Cai M" first="Meng" last="Cai">Meng Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Wuhan</settlement><region type="région">Hubei</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Can" sort="Zhang, Can" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Can" last="Zhang">Can Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Tengjiao" sort="Li, Tengjiao" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tengjiao" last="Li">Tengjiao Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Borui" sort="Zhang, Borui" uniqKey="Zhang B" first="Borui" last="Zhang">Borui Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyler, Brett M" sort="Tyler, Brett M" uniqKey="Tyler B" first="Brett M" last="Tyler">Brett M. Tyler</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Xili" sort="Liu, Xili" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xili" last="Liu">Xili Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, 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China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xue, Zhaolin" sort="Xue, Zhaolin" uniqKey="Xue Z" first="Zhaolin" last="Xue">Zhaolin Xue</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Miao, Jianqiang" sort="Miao, Jianqiang" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jianqiang" last="Miao">Jianqiang Miao</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cai, Meng" sort="Cai, Meng" uniqKey="Cai M" first="Meng" last="Cai">Meng Cai</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Wuhan</settlement><region type="région">Hubei</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Can" sort="Zhang, Can" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Can" last="Zhang">Can Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Tengjiao" sort="Li, Tengjiao" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tengjiao" last="Li">Tengjiao Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Borui" sort="Zhang, Borui" uniqKey="Zhang B" first="Borui" last="Zhang">Borui Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tyler, Brett M" sort="Tyler, Brett M" uniqKey="Tyler B" first="Brett M" last="Tyler">Brett M. Tyler</name><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="state">Oregon</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Xili" sort="Liu, Xili" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xili" last="Liu">Xili Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Yangling</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in microbiology</title><idno type="ISSN">1664-302X</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><i>Phytophthora</i>, a genus of oomycetes, contains many devastating plant pathogens, which cause substantial economic losses worldwide. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool was introduced into <i>Phytophthora</i> to delineate the functionality of individual genes. The available selection markers for <i>Phytophthora</i> transformation, however, are limited, which can restrain transgenic manipulation in some cases. We hypothesized that <i>PcMuORP1</i>, an endogenous fungicide resistance gene from <i>P. capsici</i> that confers resistance to the fungicide oxathiapiprolin via an altered target site in the ORP1 protein, could be used as an alternative marker. To test this hypothesis, the gene <i>PcMuORP1</i> was introduced into the CRISPR/Cas9 system and complementation of a deleted gene in <i>P. capsici</i> was achieved using it as a selection marker. All of the oxathiapiprolin-resistant transformants were confirmed to contain the marker gene, indicating that the positive screening rate was 100%. The novel selection marker could also be used in other representative <i>Phytophthora</i> species including <i>P. sojae</i> and <i>P. litchii</i>, also with 100% positive screening rate. Furthermore, comparative studies indicated that use of <i>PcMuORP1</i> resulted in a much higher efficiency of screening compared to the conventional selection marker <i>NPT II</i>, especially in <i>P. capsici.</i> Successive subculture and asexual reproduction in the absence of selective pressure were found to result in the loss of the selection marker from the transformants, which indicates that the <i>PcMuORP1</i> gene would have little long term influence on the fitness of transformants and could be reused as the selection marker in subsequent projects. Thus, we have created an alternative selection marker for <i>Phytophthora</i> transformation by using a fungicide resistance gene, which would accelerate functional studies of genes in these species.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="PubMed-not-MEDLINE" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31708886</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>09</Month><Day>29</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic-eCollection"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Print">1664-302X</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Print"><Volume>10</Volume><PubDate><Year>2019</Year></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Frontiers in microbiology</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Front Microbiol</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle><i>PcMuORP1</i>, an Oxathiapiprolin-Resistance Gene, Functions as a Novel Selection Marker for <i>Phytophthora</i> Transformation and CRISPR/Cas9 Mediated Genome Editing.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>2402</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.3389/fmicb.2019.02402</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText><i>Phytophthora</i>, a genus of oomycetes, contains many devastating plant pathogens, which cause substantial economic losses worldwide. Recently, CRISPR/Cas9-based genome editing tool was introduced into <i>Phytophthora</i> to delineate the functionality of individual genes. The available selection markers for <i>Phytophthora</i> transformation, however, are limited, which can restrain transgenic manipulation in some cases. We hypothesized that <i>PcMuORP1</i>, an endogenous fungicide resistance gene from <i>P. capsici</i> that confers resistance to the fungicide oxathiapiprolin via an altered target site in the ORP1 protein, could be used as an alternative marker. To test this hypothesis, the gene <i>PcMuORP1</i> was introduced into the CRISPR/Cas9 system and complementation of a deleted gene in <i>P. capsici</i> was achieved using it as a selection marker. All of the oxathiapiprolin-resistant transformants were confirmed to contain the marker gene, indicating that the positive screening rate was 100%. The novel selection marker could also be used in other representative <i>Phytophthora</i> species including <i>P. sojae</i> and <i>P. litchii</i>, also with 100% positive screening rate. Furthermore, comparative studies indicated that use of <i>PcMuORP1</i> resulted in a much higher efficiency of screening compared to the conventional selection marker <i>NPT II</i>, especially in <i>P. capsici.</i> Successive subculture and asexual reproduction in the absence of selective pressure were found to result in the loss of the selection marker from the transformants, which indicates that the <i>PcMuORP1</i> gene would have little long term influence on the fitness of transformants and could be reused as the selection marker in subsequent projects. Thus, we have created an alternative selection marker for <i>Phytophthora</i> transformation by using a fungicide resistance gene, which would accelerate functional studies of genes in these species.</AbstractText><CopyrightInformation>Copyright © 2019 Wang, Xue, Miao, Cai, Zhang, Li, Zhang, Tyler and Liu.</CopyrightInformation></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Wang</LastName><ForeName>Weizhen</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xue</LastName><ForeName>Zhaolin</ForeName><Initials>Z</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Miao</LastName><ForeName>Jianqiang</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Cai</LastName><ForeName>Meng</ForeName><Initials>M</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Can</ForeName><Initials>C</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Tengjiao</ForeName><Initials>T</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Borui</ForeName><Initials>B</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Tyler</LastName><ForeName>Brett M</ForeName><Initials>BM</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Xili</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>22</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>Switzerland</Country><MedlineTA>Front Microbiol</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101548977</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>1664-302X</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><KeywordList Owner="NOTNLM"><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">CRISPR/Cas9</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">Phytophthora</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">oomycetes</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">oxathiapiprolin-resistance</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">selection marker</Keyword><Keyword MajorTopicYN="N">transformation</Keyword></KeywordList></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>19</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>10</Month><Day>04</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="medline"><Year>2019</Year><Month>11</Month><Day>12</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>1</Minute></PubMedPubDate></History><PublicationStatus>epublish</PublicationStatus><ArticleIdList><ArticleId IdType="pubmed">31708886</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="doi">10.3389/fmicb.2019.02402</ArticleId><ArticleId IdType="pmc">PMC6821980</ArticleId></ArticleIdList><ReferenceList><Reference><Citation>Phytopathology. 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Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Wang, Weizhen" sort="Wang, Weizhen" uniqKey="Wang W" first="Weizhen" last="Wang">Weizhen Wang</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cai, Meng" sort="Cai, Meng" uniqKey="Cai M" first="Meng" last="Cai">Meng Cai</name><name sortKey="Li, Tengjiao" sort="Li, Tengjiao" uniqKey="Li T" first="Tengjiao" last="Li">Tengjiao Li</name><name sortKey="Liu, Xili" sort="Liu, Xili" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xili" last="Liu">Xili Liu</name><name sortKey="Liu, Xili" sort="Liu, Xili" uniqKey="Liu X" first="Xili" last="Liu">Xili Liu</name><name sortKey="Miao, Jianqiang" sort="Miao, Jianqiang" uniqKey="Miao J" first="Jianqiang" last="Miao">Jianqiang Miao</name><name sortKey="Xue, Zhaolin" sort="Xue, Zhaolin" uniqKey="Xue Z" first="Zhaolin" last="Xue">Zhaolin Xue</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Borui" sort="Zhang, Borui" uniqKey="Zhang B" first="Borui" last="Zhang">Borui Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Can" sort="Zhang, Can" uniqKey="Zhang C" first="Can" last="Zhang">Can Zhang</name></country><country name="États-Unis"><region name="Oregon"><name sortKey="Tyler, Brett M" sort="Tyler, Brett M" uniqKey="Tyler B" first="Brett M" last="Tyler">Brett M. 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